cajani). Jassids (leafhoppers) have been reported to cause damage to pigeon peas in Kenya. Blister beetle (Mylabris oculata). Several species of aphids have been reported feeding on pigeon pea. Many types of essential oils extracted from eucalyptus and aromatic herbs can have repellent effects (caution: phytotoxic side effects are possible). Family: Papilionaceae, (Leguminosae) Common Names: Toor dal,Togari bele, Congo pea, Angola Pea, Red gram, No-eye pea, tropical green pea, Gungo pea, Puerto Rico Pea; Pois cajanor or pois d’Angole (French) Pigeon pea is a tropical leguminous shrub (Cajanus cajan). Grain greyish in colour. [From the use of its seeds as pigeon feed.] Adults and nymphs feed by sucking on the leaflets. Initial symptoms on stems and branches are spindle-shaped spots with light grey centres surrounded by brown margins. Flowering is triggered by short days, whilst with long days plants grow vegetative. Red spider mite attack is seldom severe enough to merit control. The beetles also chew small holes in leaflets and flowers. It excretes large amounts of honeydew, which supports the growth of black sooty mould on the plant, causing premature fall of older leaves. Cutworm (Agrotis sp.) (c) Clemson University, Department of Entomology. Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). The fungus survives on infected crop debris in the soil for about 3 years. has been suggested to repel bugs (Elwell and Mass, 1995). Cutworms cut the stem of plants below the soil surface. Surveys of insect pest damage and pest management practices on pigeon pea in farmers' fields in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda. Plant in fields with no previous history of the disease. In Ukambani and Coastal strip, Kenya, the crop is grown commercially in large plots. Post-harvest losses are highly variable, but losses can be over 90%. The disease usually appears when plants are flowering and podding. Weeds must be controlled to facilitate slow initial growth. Pigeon pea does not tolerate frost. Your daily values may be higher or lower, depending on your calorie needs. Heavy attacks result in the leaflets turning red-brown, with subsequent defoliation and stunting. and Mylabris spp.). The disease can infect all aerial parts: leaves, flowers and pods. Green pods are picked over a long period in home gardens or hedge crops. It has light-brown forewings with white markings and pearly white hindwings. Cowpea seed beetle / Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) adults are 2.-3.5 mm long. A seed of this plant. In Kenya, sorghum and maize are the most common intercrops with pigeon pea. In addition, rock powder or clay powder (kaolin) could have a repellent effect on these beetles. Green pigeon pea is being exported from Kenya to Europe (Snapp et al, 2003). Response to fertilisers is seldom economic. Tolerant to Fusarium wilt and leaf spot diseases. The male is smaller. Nymphs resemble adults, but have no wings, and run sideways when disturbed. Faeces in the form of granules are found inside the damaging pods. In location where pigeon pea is grown over large areas blister beetles cause little damage. Pigeon pea will grow optimally in a well drained soil with a pH between 5.0 and 7.0. Information Bulletin no. (c) Courtesy EcoPort (http://www.ecoport.org): Y.L. Caterpillar of the legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata). Adults are small, about 2.5 mm long. Larvae damage the green seeds in pods but the damage is usually noticed only after adults emerge cutting the way out of the pod. 38(6). Heavy infestation results in partial defoliation. A shrub (Cajanus cajan) of the pea family, having trifoliolate leaves, yellow to reddish flowers, and small edible seeds, and widely cultivated in tropical regions. Several species of thrips are common on pigeon peas in Eastern Africa and are considered important pests. Pigeon pea is generally grown in inter- and mixed-cropping systems in rotation with other crops, particularly cereals. Should be grown as a pure stand, Adapted to medium and high altitudes (900 - 1800 m). Uproot wilted plants (and use them for fuel wood). Many plants have a repellent or even insecticidal effect on termites and can be applied as spray directly against termites or as barrier around the trunk of coconut palms: Close-up termites on mango stem. Traditional uses as medicine are many, e.g. Termites more often attack sickly or water stressed plants than healthy plants. Cercospora leaf spot (Mycovellosiella cajani). Grows between 600 and 900 m above sea level. The fungus is seed-borne. It is a small black fly that lays eggs through the walls of developing pods. However, in small pigeon pea plots that are in the flowering stage during the period of peak adult activity, most of the flowers may be eaten by the beetles and crop losses maybe substantial. In dry areas, and especially in coarse-textured, infertile soils, farmers use wide spacing between plants to limit competition.Plants are fairly slow to start and weed control for the first two months is important in crop establishment. Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Aleyrodes proletella). This crop grows and yields well under conditions of low rainfall and poor soil. Pod sucking bugs are primary pests of pigeon peas. Research in India has shown some efficacy of neem extracts against this pod weevil. Pigeon pea 1. It is a fungal disease. This whitefly sucks sap from cassava leaves. The adult beetles can be hand picked and destroyed. Snapp, S. S., Jones, R. B., Minja, E. M., Rusike, J. and Silim, S. N. (2003). The disease could be a serious problem in late-sown and in perennial or rationed pigeon peas. 42. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. For more information on Fusarium wilt click here. The maggots (white in colour and about 3 mm long) feed inside the green seed. They bore holes on pods and feed on the seeds. Plant in fields away from perennial pigeon peas. Affected plants are normally stunted and eventually wilt and die. Updated on 8th July 2019. Pigeon peas are also called Congo or Gunga peas are native to Asia and are usually grown in warm and tropical regions. Pigeon pea does not tolerate shallow soils or water logging. Nairobi, Kenya. One-year breaks with either sorghum or fallow reduced wilt in the following pigeon pea crop from more than 50 to below 20%. African Crop Science Journal 7 (1): 59-69. Pigeon pea for Africa: A versatile vegetable - and more. The main natural enemies of bugs are egg parasitoids, assassin bugs, ants and birds. It is eaten as a vegetable (immature pods or green pea) or as dried grain (cooked and eaten as dhal, dry split cotyledons). A number of caterpillars (e.g. Some farmers in East Africa use wood ash in grain stored for food or seed for planting, or chillies or smoke from cooking fire to preserve seeds for planting. Geographical distribution of Pigeon Pea in Africa. Macrophomina stem canker (Macrophomina phaseolina). Pigeon pea is an important grain legume crop of rain-fed agriculture in the semi-arid tropics. Blister beetles (Coryna spp. When diseased plants are uprooted their roots are rotten and shredded. Minja, E.M., Shanower, T.G., Songa, J.M, Ong'aro, J.M., Kawonga, W.T., Mviha, P., Myaka, F.A., Slumpa, S., Okurut-Akol, H., Opiyo C. (1999).
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