All along the tropical world — particularly in South and South- East Asia, Central America, and in tropical Africa—this age-old tilling system is still practiced by the tribal groups. (c) It is practiced by mostly tribal people with permanent settlement. 2. Powered by Discourse, best viewed with JavaScript enabled. 7. 2. Machines are relatively rare in this type of cultivation. India; Landing in Malaysia; Humah in Indonesia, Caingin in Philippines; Tamrai in Thailand, Taungya in Myanmar (Burma); Masole in Zaire (Africa); Milpa, Conoco and Roca in Brazil and Venezuela etc. Hill slopes are preferred because of better drainage. It is also called ‘slash and burn’ agriculture. Distinguish between Intensive Subsistence Farming and Commercial Farming. Primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family community labour are used. Early agriculture is the oldest form of agriculture and still prevalent in some parts of the world. Distinguish between Intensive Subsistence Farming and Commercial Farming. 2. This type of farming depend upon nature fertility and monsoons. Primitive tools like a hoe, dow, digging sticks are used for cultivation. Primitive farming includes the use of shift cultivation methods in crop farming. This massive deforestation leads to several further complications. This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown. Trees that are not burned are cut by men or abandoned to decompose naturally. Migratory Primitive Subsistence agriculture 2. Migratory Primitive Subsistence Agriculture: It is one of the oldest, simplest, crudest and rudimental forms of cultivation, practiced mostly by tropical tribal groups. The land should have greater slope to facilitate better drainage system. Some of these peoples moved from site to site as they exhausted the soil at each location. Only some primitive tools like hoe and iron sticks are used. Primitive or Simple Subsistence Agriculture: Primitive farming is the ancient form of agriculture and still widespread in some areas of the world. (i) No use of manure and exhaustion of soil fertility. Soil nutrient depletion, the deterioration of lightly constructed bamboo houses and the attacks of pests, diseases or wildlife are some of the main reasons that make migration a necessity. What is primitive subsistence farming? The crops are sown at calculated intervals, often between other plants, so that the crop can be staggered to provide food all year round. It is also known as slash and burn agriculture. Here Land rotation practice is adopted instead of customary crop rotation, i.e., cultivations migrate from one land to another. Subsistence agriculture is that in which the farmers use or consume most of what they produce, rather than selling it in a market (commercial agriculture). It is exclusively self-sufficient type of agriculture, where the entire agricultural product is generally consumed by the cultivations themselves. (f) It is purely self-sufficient type of agriculture. Some small surpluses can be exchanged or sold for cash. Sedentary subsistence agriculture is found outside or in the fringe areas of tropical rain forests and sub-tropical and temperate plateaus. This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown. As forest is destroyed in this cultivation, it is also known as slash and burn cultivation. Simple subsistence agriculture is widely known as migratory or shifting … Preindustrial agricultural peoples throughout the world have traditionally practiced subsistence farming. (iv) The culture is made with very primitive tools such as sticks and hoes, without the aid of machines or even dried animals. As this farming is prevalent only in inaccessible mountain slopes, average farm size is very small, usually less than 1 hectare—discontinuous, and isolated from one another. So it is known as hoe culture. (b) Due to deforestation, the soil becomes loose which accelerate erosion. It is practised on small patches of land. Primitive or Simple Subsistence Farming: Primitive farming is the oldest form of agriculture and still prevalent in some areas of the world. 5. The same types of crops are practiced on all farms. Primitive Subsistence: Intensive Subsistence: This type of farming is done on very small patches of land. The South-East Asian countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma); Equatorial America like Amazon basin, and East Indies are still engaged in this form of agriculture. Emphasis is generally given to produce cereal crops like rice, millet, maize, tapioca etc. Primitive subsistence agriculture or shifting cultivation is characterized by the following characteristics: ( i ) The sites for the ladang are usually chosen in the virgin forest by experienced elders. Distinguish between primitive subsistence farming and commercial farming are: Related questions 0 votes. Modern agricultural inputs like chemical fertilizers, … Governments are now making sincere efforts to stop their shifting cultivation, giving them incentives to start other forms of agriculture. This type of farming depends upon the monsoons and natural fertility of the soil. The resulting economy is therefore static with little chance of improvement, but there is a high degree of rural independence as farmers are not tied to homeowners or shopping centres. Primitive subsistence agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour. (a) Instead of only manual labour, animal power is also used. The main crops are starchy foods such as tapioca, cassava or cassava, yams, corn or maize, millet, mountain rice, beans and bananas.
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